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DNA is like the master computer-the essential part of every cell that dictates all it's actions. Though the entire chain of DNA uses only 6 essential ingredients, the tiny chain is enormously long, often containing billions of parts. For example: If you were to stretch out your DNA, it would extend 50 billion kilometers, which is from the earth to beyond our solar system.
DNA is the primary element of chromosomes. Each living species has a specific number of chromosomes per cell. Humans have it's 23 chromosomes pairs in "general" cells (somatic cells), or a total of 46 chromosomes. Though different species may have the same number of chromosomes as humans, the DNA will be different. It is the information encoded into the DNA that makes each species DNA different. It would be like running two computer programs that do the same thing, but because they are programed by different programmers, they are not the same.
The ability of DNA genes to generate protein products also differs from species to species. Which raises an all important question for evolutionists: While each species mutates and evolves into another, at what point does the DNA programing change to suite this change?
Example: Remember how slow computers used to be? Lets say the computer program is the DNA of the computer. And that the computer is our body. Now as computers became faster, computer programmers made programs that were more sophisticated and had more bells and whistles (options) and better graphics. But let's say the programs made were progressing faster than the computers were. So fast that the current computers could not run them (to slow). Or the other way around. The computers got way ahead of the programs (to fast). Now apply that problem to your DNA (the program) not being able to stay up with the changes (evolution) in your body (the computer). They would become non-compatible with each other. Ever try and run a program, from today, on a computer from yesterday (old and slow)? Won't work will it? Or try and run a very old program on a very fast computer? It becomes to fast to operate.
Just to show what can happen with just a slight difference in DNA which can affect your body. Down syndrome is a combination of birth defects caused by the presence of an extra #21 chromosome. And this is just a slight difference. Evolution from one species to another is a big difference.
The DNA is like a computer program giving commands to cells such as:
1) Generating power.
2) Manufacturing a great quality and variety of products (proteins).
3) Designing the function and relationship of these products (to work together).
4) Guiding key parts (the molecules) to their final destination (so that the final products are delivered to the right places).
5) Packaging certain molecules in membrane-bound sacs.
6) Managing the transfer of information from one cell to another.
7) Assuring the quality of products produced that would be way beyond what any quality control we have today.
8) Disposal of waste.
9) Growth.
10) Reproduction. etc...
And this is only part of the story on how DNA works. So as you can see, our bodies are way to complicated to have evolved. For if the DNA could not precisely stay up with the changes in the body (evolution), we would die. And if the DNA evolved faster than the body, the body would not function and we would die.
With my next post, I will go into more detail on just how complicated our DNA really is. For I have only touched the tip of the ice Berg with this post. And you will soon see just how impossible evolution really is.
The grouping sections of DNA, or genes, allow strands to have an estimated 30,000 to 70,000 variations. And this is only a guess. It's probably a lot more. This would mean there is a whole lot of DNA information to run the DNA program. So much so that the average computer programmer could not even decipher 1/10 of the information, using the worlds fastest computer, in his lifetime. Still sounding like something that has evolved?
RNA is the substance that carries out the instructions of DNA. It is nearly the same as DNA, having 6 basic ingredients. The easiest way to think of RNA is as the reverse copy of DNA that travels from the nucleus (the computer center) to the area where production and manufacturing of a vast array of proteins takes place.
The nucleus is like the computer control room. It is where the information from DNA is transferred to RNA. Inside the nucleus, nucleoli is sometimes found. Nucleoli surround sections of specific chromosomes and facilitate the production of ribosomes.
Ribosomes are essentially the production floor where RNA instructions are received and various type of proteins made, depending on the RNA code. The human body requires many thousands of different proteins to perform many tasks and many needs within the cell and to many different types of protein to build hair, nails, muscles etc... In just one cell, there many ribosomes all producing a vast number of proteins.
Mitochondria are sites of energy production from cell respiration. A cell may contain hundreds of these sausage- shaped structures to provide it's energy needs.
Lysosomes process and rid the cell of destructive waste products. Essentially, they digest waste materials and food within the cell, using digestive enzymes to break down food into base elements.
The endoplasmic reticulum is like a transportation network for molecules within the cytoplasm (a liquid substance of the cell). It transports the molecules to specific final destinations.
The Golgi apparatus is a form of "packaging center". It takes certain molecules and packages them into sacs, which are targeted to various locations within the cell factory, or even distributed outside the cell.
Enzymes and regulatory proteins are produced by the cell for use in it's own operation. Enzymes dramatically speed up certain activities of the cell. Some regulatory proteins, in a sense, turn genes on and off. Permitting or preventing RNA replication depending on the needs of the cell. Many other regular functions are also accomplished by certain proteins, such as the built in proof reading system. Without the proof reading error system, DNA copy errors would range 1 in 10,000. With the error control system, copy errors range only from 1 in 1 billion to 1 in 1 hundred billion.
The Cytoskeleton is the amazing "scaffolding" inside the cell. A far cry from normal built walls, as it can change to adapt in many ways, based on DNA instructions. For example: One key role is the holding of the organelles (the "organs" of the cell) in place. But the cytoskeleton must also be able to move to accommodate growth and reproduction. The many types of proteins in the cytoskeleton enable this to happen.
I do believe God made us to adapt to our environment to a certain point. I do not like using evolution as a word that would be part of God's creation for several reasons.
1) Evolution made man question creation.
2) Evolution has turned several Christians away from God.
3) Evolution never mentions God in any of it's theories.
4) Evolution is, and will always be, man's explanation of origins that do not include God.
Atomic and Subatomic Structures.
So far we have only look a little into the complexity of molecular biology, Just a small part of the cell and it's substructure.
There are as many as a trillion cells in the human body performing thousands of functions. Each cell contains a 100 trillion atoms. And so we know the following about this:
1) The human body contains 10 to the 28 power of Atoms. And that adds up to more than all the stars combined.
2) Isotopes studies have concluded that 90% of our atoms are replaced annually.
3) Every 5 years, 100% of all out atoms are replaced.
4) Just in the last hour, 1 trillion trillion of your atoms have been replaced.
The mind boggling numbers of parts and changes and the amount of specialization for all this to occur, is incredible. But science has learned there is even more changes that take place in our bodies at the subatomic level. Example: A subatomic particle called the xi was found to only have a life span of ten-billionth of a second. This means that there are changes taking place, in our bodies, that would be considered as fast as the speed of light.
Evolution at the speed of light? No, according to science, it took millions of years.
Are identical twins really identical?
Although identical twins inherit the same DNA from their parents, the genome (DNA) is subject to changes as an organism grows. Although identical twins are very similar as adults, the genome of each individual may be slightly different - due to changes and the rearrangement of pieces of DNA - that have occurred uniquely in each twin, since the egg split. A genome is also subject to environmental influences, and so the same genes can be expressed in different ways in different individuals.
Identical, or monozygotic, twins result when a single fertilised egg splits into two parts, each of which then forms a baby in the womb. Therefore, identical twins are always of the same sex, and always contain identical DNA in their nuclei. However, DNA also exists in another part of the cell, the mitochondrion. When a cell splits into two new cells to form the twins, the mitochondrial DNA is not divided equally between the two cells. So, even so-called "identical twins" are not truly identical if we compare their level of DNA or genetics.
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